Learn how to grow gourds on the roof [agriculture knowledge ]

 While gourd was a winter vegetable, it is now cultivated all year round. It is a delicious vegetable. Gourd is a popular vegetable for everyone. Gourds grow in almost all types of soil. Mainly loam to clay loam soils are good for gourd cultivation.

But gourd cultivation loam or sandy-loam soil should be used in tub or roof garden. But if sand-loam soil is used, the amount of organic fertilizer should be added to the soil.

For winter gourd cultivation, seeds should be sown between September and October. Gourd seeds should be sown in mid-August for early winter crops. Gourd seeds should be sown in polybags.

The seeds should be soaked in water for 8-12 hours before sowing. Then take the seeds from the water and dry the excess water with tissue paper and sow the seeds in polybags. Two seeds should be sown in each polybag. Care should be taken that the soil of the polybag does not dry out. Light water should be given if necessary.

How to grow gourd on the roof

For growing gourd in the roof garden, half drum or equivalent container should be used. Four-five holes should be made at the bottom of the half drum, so that excess water can be easily drained.

The holes in the floor of the half drum should be closed with small pieces of brick. Now for each half drum, two parts of loam or sandy loam soil, 1 part cow dung, 50 grams of TSP fertilizer, 50 grams of potash, 250 grams of mustard seeds should be mixed together and soaked in water for 10-12 days.

Then dig the soil a little and leave it like this for four to five days. A vigorous gourd seedling sown in polybags should be transplanted when the soil becomes moist. The soil around the seedlings should be compacted by hand. At the beginning, the soil should be added a little higher.

Water should be given abundantly in the beginning after planting. Gradually increase the amount of water. Gourd plants require a lot of water. The daily fish-meat washing water is sometimes given to the gourd plant will be especially beneficial.

Gourd plants planted in tubs or drums in rooftop gardens suffer from crop failure due to lack of water. Cultivating gourds in tubs or drums requires a little more water. Weeds should be kept clean regularly. At least once a week the drum soil should be lightly loosened. Care should be taken to ensure that the gourd plant gets enough sun.

How to do other care

To ensure the proper care of the plant, if the gourd plant is a little big, a little urea fertilizer should be applied at a distance from the root.

Cultivation method of mung bean,,[mung bean cultivation ]

Most of us don't know. Moong dal fulfills our non-vegetarian needs to a large extent. Pulses are a non-vegetarian cash crop. Almost all people in our country love to eat pulses. Different types of pulses are cultivated in our country, among which Mugdal is the most important.

 Let's know about mung bean cultivation method-

Selection of mung bean varieties:

Several varieties of Mugdal are cultivated in our country. They are Binamoog-1, Binamoog-3, Binamoog-4 and Binamoog-5 etc.

Quality of soil:

Mugdal can be cultivated in almost all types of soil in our country However, this crop grows well in well-drained loamy soil If the land is not waterlogged, it can be cultivated on clay soil as well Cultivation of this variety in sandy loam and loam soil gives higher yield

Land preparation:

For mung bean cultivation, it is better if the land is well prepared with 3-4 plows and the soil is loosened with a ladder. It increases the rate of seed germination and improves crop yield

Amount of seeds:

18 to 20 kg of seeds are required for each acre of land.

Sowing time: 

The best time is from the first week to the last week of the month of Falgun. 

Sowing method:

Mung bean seeds can be sown in two ways. One is scatter sowing and the other is row sowing. However, between the two methods, knitting in rows is the best. Because mung bean cultivation in line or rows gives relatively higher yield than the scattering method. Sowing seeds in rows allows each plant to grow evenly. The yield also increases as the plant can get the necessary food – sunlight, food production and water equally. Moreover, row weaving makes it easier to perform interim maintenance in the field.

Care of Mung Dal: 

Regular maintenance gives good yield in mung bean cultivation. However, weeding in mungbean sown by sprinkler method is quite difficult, yet weeding should be done to get good yield. And to get good yield, weeding should be done at least once within 15 to 25 days after germination.

Fertilizer application:

 TSP fertilizer 35 to 40 kg per acre. 

Boric acid 2.5-3 kg per acre.

Urea fertilizer 16 to 20 kg per acre.

MOP 12 to 15 kg per acre. 

All fertilizers should be applied after cultivation. 2-3 kg/acre of inorganic fertilizers can be applied for cultivation in uncultivated areas. However, 80 grams of inorganic fertilizers can be applied per kg of seed.

Irrigation method:

Soil condition should be monitored while irrigating the land. In case of flooding due to heavy rain, water drainage should be arranged Both excessive drought and waterlogging are detrimental to this crop  

Mung bean collection:

Mung beans should be harvested when they are ripe Mung dal is suitable for harvesting within 60 to 60 days after sowing. Harvesting at the right time gives higher yield If you take too long to collect mung beans, the kernels fall out.

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Fertilizer and Irrigation Management in Boro Rice Cultivation-A to z [agriculture information ]

 

 The need for balanced fertilizer for good yield is undeniable. Special attention should be paid to two things when applying fertilizers. First of all. Fixing fertilizer levels based on rice variety, life span and yield levels. Secondly. Determining when and how to apply which fertilizer to maximize fertilizer performance. It is everyone's wish to get more production and financial benefit by using fertilizers. Fertilizer levels are best determined by soil testing. Apart from this, the fertilizer levels are also known as per Fertilizer Recommendation Guide with the help of Department of Agriculture Extension or by using Fertilizer Recommendation Guide Software (FRS) online . 

By filling in a few details by typing www.frs-bd.com to get fertilizer recommendations online, anyone can know the amount and application method of fertilizer required for a particular crop in his land. For this, by calling the number 16123 of the Government Agriculture Call Center or the number 3331 of Krishak Bandhu Seva, Deputy Assistant Agriculture Officer of the Block, FIAK Center located in the Union Parishad or the Agricultural Information and Communication Center located in the remote villages, direct assistance will be available at hand. Generally less than 150 days short duration varieties such as Bri Dhan28, Bri Dhan45, Bri Dhan74, Bri Dhan81, Bri Dhan 84, Bri Dhan86, Bri Dhan88 Bri Hybrid Dhan3, Bri Hybrid Dhan5 or Bina Dhan-10 and Bina Dhan-18 per bushel. That is, every 33 centuries, the fertilizer level is urea 35 kg, TSP or DAP 12 kg, MOP 20 kg, gypsum or sulfur 15 kg, zinc (monohydrate) 1.5 kg. Long duration varieties of more than 150 days like Bri Dhan29, In case of Bri Dhan50, Bri Dhan58 or Bri Dhan69, Bri Dhan89, per bigha i.e. every 33 centuries, the fertilizer level is urea 40 kg, TSP or DAP 13 kg, MOP 22 kg, gypsum 15 kg, zinc 1.5 kg. In case of varieties of Haor region, fertilizer dose is Urea 27 kg, TSP or DAP 12 kg, MOP 22 kg, Gypsum 8 kg, Zinc 1.5 kg per 33 cents. However, if DAP fertilizer is used instead of TSP, 5 kg of urea fertilizer should be applied less per bigha.

TSP or DAP, MOP, gypsum and zinc fertilizers should all be applied to the soil at the time of final cultivation. Care should be taken to apply zinc and TSP separately rather than mixing them together. Urea fertilizer should be applied in three equal parts. In case of short duration varieties 1st installment 15-20 days after transplanting, 2nd installment 30-35 days after transplanting and last installment 5-7 days before emergence of kaichthor. In case of long duration varieties 1st installment at last cultivation time, 2nd installment 20-25 days after transplanting i.e. when buds appear on the bunch and last installment 5-7 days before emergence of kaichthor. Some other advice on fertilizer application and method should be followed. Sufficient organic fertilizers should be used in the land. Using chemical fertilizers in combination with organic fertilizers increases the efficiency of chemical fertilizers and gives better yield. At least once a year, 700 to 800 kg of organic fertilizer per bigha should be applied to the land. In the land where organic fertilizers will be used in Aman season, urea fertilizer should be applied less than one-third of the prescribed amount in Boro season. Even if TST and MOP fertilizers are used at half rate, the expected yield will be obtained. Besides, when harvesting rice, cutting 10-12 inches above the root of the plant and mixing it with the soil, the amount of potash fertilizer is one-third less. Zinc or zinc sulfate fertilizer applied in one crop cycle will continue even if it is not used for the next two crops. Urea fertilizer in four installments on sandy soil Better to use. A good yield can be expected if the urea fertilizer is sprinkled evenly and mixed with the soil by hand or with a thresher while there is still water in the land. Urea fertilizers should not be used in severe winters. Granular urea can be used to prevent wastage of urea fertilizers and to increase the effectiveness of urea fertilizers. For this reason, it is sufficient to apply one Megaguti weighing 2.7 grams for every four bunches in one season. If sulfur or zinc is not used due to any reason then fertilizers should be given by understanding the symptoms of sulfur or zinc deficiency in the plants. Applying one megagut weighing 7 grams is sufficient. If sulfur or zinc is not used due to any reason then fertilizers should be given by understanding the symptoms of sulfur or zinc deficiency in the plants. Applying one megagut weighing 7 grams is sufficient. If sulfur or zinc is not used due to any reason then fertilizers should be given by understanding the symptoms of sulfur or zinc deficiency in the plants.

This time the discussion on irrigation water management in Boro paddy. It should be remembered that paddy is not an aquatic plant but prefers water. That is why it is not right to keep the land floating in water all the time. If water is too much, various fungal diseases, disease germs spread, plant growth is disturbed, flowers/fruits fall and seeds are not nourished. Finally the yield is low. On the other hand, if the water is low, food intake or transportation is disrupted, food production is hindered, plants may die, flowers and fruits come late, Weeds abound and grain is not nourished. As a result the yield is low. I am telling you what amount of water is required at which stage of rice growth. One to one and a half inches of water is sprinkled at the time of planting. If it is less or more, there is difficulty in planting. 1.5 to 2 inches for next 10 days from planting. If the water is less, it takes longer to manage the risk of planting and if there is more, the seedlings will be bent. 1 to 1 ½ inches from 11 days after planting to tillering. If it is less or more, the cough is less. Cuts two to four inches from bud break to bloom. If there is a shortage of juice at this time, the grain structure will not be nourished, the number of grains will be less. And if the water is too much, the tree may become weak. If the grain of rice is hard, that is, water should be removed periodically until 10-12 days before harvesting. The number of grains will be less. And if the water is too much, the tree may become weak. If the grain of rice is hard, that is, water should be removed periodically until 10-12 days before harvesting. The number of grains will be less. And if the water is too much, the tree may become weak. If the grain of rice is hard, that is, water should be removed periodically until 10-12 days before harvesting.

Irrigation in paddy fields can control insects such as mealybugs, mealybugs, thrips, leafhoppers, cutworms, midges and diseases such as blast, brown spot and most weeds. On the other hand, by draining or diverting water, insects such as leaf fly, chungi beetle, brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper, various fungal diseases, leaf burn disease and weeds such as algae, panicchu, kachuripana or chechara can be controlled.

Irrigation is one of the major cost sectors in paddy cultivation during Boro season. The cost of irrigation will increase further in the future. An effective method of saving water is the alternate wetting and drying method or AWD. Irrigation timing can be easily determined by placing an observation pipe or hoe in the field. 25-30% wastage can be prevented if water is distributed through PVC pipes in deep tube wells, time is reduced by 30%, it is possible to easily distribute water to high and low lands. As a result, the irrigated area can be increased by 30 percent. Adequate fertilization and irrigation around the guaranteed Boro season, save on production costs and bring home bountiful crops.